Crusher jaw plates



y 1964 H. c. POLLITZ 3,140,057

'CRUSHER JAW PLATES Filed Feb; 26, 1962 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.-#40040 0. P044 /rz July 7, 1964 H. C. POLLITZ CRUSHER JAw PLATES 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 26, .1962

INVENTOR. HA /204D 6001.1. 72

XUTOFNE'V United States Patent 3,140,057 CRUSHER JAW PLATES Harold C.Pollitz, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assignor to Iowa Manufacturing Company ofCedar Rapids, Iowa, Cedar Rapids, Iowa Filed Feb. 26, 1962, Ser. No.175,404 Claims. (Cl. 241-285) The present invention concerns an improveddesign of stationary and movable jaw plates for jaw type crushers whichminimizes warping of the jaws and increases their life. Moreparticularly, the present invention concerns improved structure formounting the stationary jaw plate to the crusher frame and forincreasing the rigidity and life of both plates.

Jaw plates used in modern crushing operations are fabricated almostexclusively from what is generally known as Hadfield manganese steel, asteel whose manganese content is very high and which possessesaustenitic properties. Such jaw plates are not only extremely tough butare also quite ductile and work-harden with use. Under the impact ofcrushing loads flow of the metal at the working surface of the plateoccurs in all directions. This flow occurs chiefly in the central areaof the plate, particularly the lower central area, because the lowerportion of the plate does very substantially more work than the upperportion. This is particularly true in the case of the stationary jaw,which, as is well known, receives the greater wear in operation. If theflow is not compensated for, the jaw will distort or warp, particularlyin its more central area, so that p it will no longer contact its seat.will cause it to flex with consequent decrease in crushing efficiencyand increase in wear both of the jaw itself and particularly its seat. 7

These effects of warped jaw plates are well known and are described atsome length in Patent 2,609,154, dated September 2, 1952, to Baker. Thelatter, in order to compensate for flow, reticulates the workingsurfaces of his jaw plates by means of deep,-inclined relief grooves orslots forming a diamond-like pattern, whereby the crushing surface isresolved into a plurality of relatively isolated, diamond shapedcrushing pads.' The grooves themselves provide space into which themetal on the working surface of the plate can flow without extendingthat surface and consequently warping or bowing the jaw. Additionally,such grooves aid in the heat treating of the plates during theirmanufacture, in the manner explained in Patent 2,826,371, dated March11, 1958, to Smith. However, a jaw plate whose crushing face is brokenup into isolated crushing pads, as disclosed in the aforesaid patent toBaker, is not as eflicient as a jaw having thereon a set of continuous,more or less-knife edged teeth or corrugations which permit the crushingaction to be linearly concentrated "upon the rock or ore. When suchteeth or corrugations extend vertically, as is shown for instance inPatent 1,187,159, dated June 13, 1916, to McKee et al., on both jawplates, the rock is Thus crushing loads better gripped therebetween andconfinedto a natural vertical path as it is successively crushed tofiner par ticles as it moves-from top to bottom of the crusher;Accordingly, such a combination of vertical teeth separated by verticalgrooves gives the most desirable crushing action and at the same timesubstantiallyprevents warping of the jaw, especially about a verticalaxis; Since, however, the grooving-is vertical, some warp may stilloccur, principally in the lower central portion of each jaw, about ahorizontal axis. In order to mini-- mize warp of the latter kind, thejaws of thepresent in-' vention, particularly the stationary jaw,areincreased uniformly in thickness from top to bottom with a cor-3,l40,057 Patented July 7., 1964 approximately the thickness of theformer top part, it

will function in its new upper "position substantially as well withoutrequiring any adjustment of the crusher itself. These advantages are, ofcourse, independent of whether the jaw is additionally provided withteeth or corrugations'in the manner previously described. Thickening thelower portion of a jaw having relief grooves but no teeth, such as oneshown in the aforesaid patent to Smith, will also produce the foregoingadvantages. Often, however, it may not be necessary also to thicken thelower portion of the movable jaw, owing to the lesser loads and wear"thereon relative to the stationary jaw, and satisfactory results areoften achieved by confining the thickening and reversibility features tothe stationary jaw alone.

The other improved feature of the jaw plates of the present inventioninvolves the mounting of the stationary jaw to the crusher frame in sucha manner that warping and flexing of the jaw is still further decreased.In the prior art it is customary to secure the top and bottom edges ofthe stationary jaw in a suitable manner along or adjacent the top andbottom edges of the crusher frame. Each side edge of the jaw is providedwith a laterally eX- tending retaining flange running its entire length,which in turn is engaged by the edge of one of a pair of the customarycheek plates. Usually, neither the edge of the cheek plate'nor the faceof 'the flange is machined or otherwise trned in order to insure uniformcontact of the cheek plates upon their respective flanges. Consequently,there is very likely to be contact between the two only at randompoints,*particularly widely spaced points, so that during use the jawplate can flex between its seat and the cheek plates and thus wear itsseat on the crusher frame. Moreover, the lack of uniform contact betweenthe edges of the cheek plate and the flanges of the jaw surfaces of thelips so that the jaw plate, owing to the fact that the force exerted bythe cheek plates is transmitted wholly through the relatively smallsurface'of the lips, is held rigidly againstits seat. In this manner,there-' fore, the adverse eflect of any inaccurate alignment between thecheek plates and the jaw plate is minimized,

if not entirely removed. If at the same time, the lower portion of thestationary jaw plate is thickened and grooved in the manner described,any warping about a horizontal axis and consequent flexing of the jawupon its seat is largely removed. 7

While the present invention is primarily directed to jaw plates ofductile material, such as manganese steel, its advantages make itequally applicable to jaws of hardened cast steel, which, although to alesser extent, are also beset with the problem of Warping and lack ofuniform contact between their retaining flanges and the crushers cheekplates.

Accordingly, the primary object of the present invention is theprovision of a pair of jaw plates for a jaw crusher having improvedcrushing surfaces thereon which minimize warping and increase life ofthe jaw plates.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of thestationary jaw plate for a jaw crusher with improved means for retentionof the plate upon the crusher frame.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a pair of jawplates for a jaw crusher, at least the stationary one of which increasesin thickness from top to bottom, and both of which are provided with aplurality of spaced, vertical relief grooves in their working surfaces,the depth of which grooves likewise increases from top to bottom.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide thestationary jaw plate for a jaw crusher with laterally extendingretaining lips at the midportion only of its vertical sides forengagement by the cheek plates of the crusher.

An additional object of the present invention is the provision of a pairof jaw plates for a jaw crusher, at least the stationary one of whichincreases in thickness from top to bottom and both of which are providedwith a plurality of spaced, vertical relief grooves in their workingsurfaces, the depth of which grooves likewise increases from top tobottom and the crushing surface between adjacent grooves being formed toprovide an outwardly projecting, continuous ridge or tooth having avertically extending apex.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the presentinvention will be apparent from the detailed description of thepreferred form thereof which follows, read in conjunction with thedrawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a typical crusher having a portion ofits frame wall broken away to illustrate the improved means of mountingthe stationary jaw;

FIGURE 2 is a rear elevation view of the stationary jaw of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a horizontal section along line 33 of FIGURE 2 illustratingthe relief grooving of the jaw plates and the shape of their teeth; and

FIGURE 4 is an end elevation view of the jaw of FIG- URE 2 illustratingthe taper of the jaw from top to bottom and the consequent increasingdepth of the relief grooves therein.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, represents a typical jaw typecrusher having an open top crusher frame 10' of generally rectangularsection. The stationary jaw 20 is mounted upright with its rear face 22upon an appropriate seat on the inner face 11' of end wall 11, and atopthe other end wall 12 driveshaft 13, provided with an eccentricmidportion 13' such as illustrated and described in Patent 3,061,317,dated October 30, 1962, to Pollitz, is suitably journaled at 14. Pitman15, to which is fastened movable jaw 16, is journaled at its upper end17 to the eccentric portion 13' of shaft 13 and is operatively connectedadjacent its lower end to crusher frame 10' by means of a typical toggleplate assembly (not shown). Appropriate flywheels 18 are mounted at eachend of shaft 13, one carrying provision for belt drive of the crusher.Inasmuch as the over-all crusher assembly is well known and plays nopart in the present invention no further description of it is needed.

Stationary jaw 20 is in the conventional form of a plate incorporatingrecessed panels 21 in its rear face 22 for the purpose of even heattreatment and reduction of machining, and movable jaw 16 is of similarconventional construction. Extending horizontally outwards from the backface of jaw 20 at the top and bottom thereof a pair of idenitcallocating flanges 23, having opposed tapered faces 24 straddle end wall11 and engage a complementary pair of tapered seats 25 at the top andbottom thereof. A pair of retaining lips 26, provided with forward faces27, extend laterally outwards from the midportion only of the verticalsides of jaw 20 and are engaged in turn upon faces 27 by the edges ofcheek plates 28 of conventional wedge design. Hence, jaw 20 is retainedby an effort which is concentrated over a relatively small area on bothjaw 20 and the edges of check plates 28. Accordingly, the effect of anymisalignment between the unmachined edges of check plate 28 and faces 27is rendered nil, and jaw 26 at all times is held rigidly against endwall 11.

Turning next to the working surfaces of jaws 16 and 20, it will beobserved that jaw plate 20 itself increases uniformly in thickness fromtop to bottom (FIGURE 4). A plurality of spaced, vertically extendingrelief grooves 30 are cast therein for the purpose of permitting themetal to flow under impact and pressure without substantially warpingthe plate itself, particularly about a vertical axis. Grooves 30 inaddition also cooperate with panels 21 to produce more even heattreatment as explained in the aforesaid patent to Smith. The bottoms 31of grooves 30 run generally parallel with the rear face of jaw 20 sothat the height of sides 32 and thus the depth of grooves 30 uniformlyincrease from top to bottom of the jaw. The working surfaces of jaw 20between grooves 30 are formed to provide a plurality of vertical ridgesor teeth 33, each having a pair of opposite faces 34 which slope awayfrom a common apex 35 toward grooves 30 at each side thereof.

The moving jaw 16 is also provided with a set of relief grooves 36 andteeth 37 similar to grooves 30 and teeth 33 of jaw 20, except, ofcourse, grooves 36 are of uniform depth unless the lower thickness ofjaw 16 is also increased. laws 16 and 20 are laterally offset withrespect to one another so that the teeth on one interlock with the teethon the other in the manner shown, for instance, in Patent 1,608,561,dated November 30, 1926, to Larsson. Generally, an included anglebetween faces 34 of about to has been found to give the mostsatisfactory results in most cases.

After use for a period of time teeth 33 and 37 become gradually workhardened and wear occurs much more rapidly, as is well-known, upon thelower portion of jaw 20 than upon its upper portion or than upon jaw 16.When the lower portions of teeth 33 are worn sufficiently to decreasethe crushers efiiciency, jaw 20 may be easily removed and reinstalledupside down, owing to the fact that locating flanges 23 are identical.Consequently, the relatively unworn upper portions of teeth 33 are thenutilized for the harder work at the lower portion of the jaw. The factthat the lower portion of jaw 20 when in its original position wasthicker than the top allows the jaw to be reversed and the former lowerportion to be usable at the top without requiring adjustment of thecrusher itself.

Though the invention has been described in terms of a particularembodiment, the invention is not so limited and the scope of theappended claims are to be read as encompassing such changes andalterations as would ordinarily occur to those skilled in the art.

I claim:

1. In a stationary jaw plate for use in a jaw crusher having an uprightwall for receiving said plate and means for retaining said plate inoperative position upon said wall, said means including a check plateadjacent each upright end of said wall for clamping said plate betweensaid check plate and said wall, the improvement comprising a jaw plateretaining lip projecting laterally outwards of each upright side of saidjaw plate and formed integrally therewith so that when said plate isoperatively clamped as aforesaid said check plates engage said lipsonly, each of said lips extending along only the portion of said sideimmediately adjacent the mid-point thereof in order to confine the totalclamping force applied by said cheek plate to said portion only.

2. In a stationary jaw plate for use in a jaw crusher having an uprightwall for mounting said jaw plate in operative position thereon and meansfor clamping said plate upright in operative position against said wall,the improvement comprising an integral jaw plate retaining lipprojecting laterally outwards of each upright side of said jaw plate,said means being operative upon said lips only and each of the latterextending along only the portion of said side immediately adjacent themid-point thereof in order to confine the total clamping force appliedby said means to said portion only.

3. The device of claim 2 wherein said jaw plate is provided with auniform increase in the thickness thereof from top to bottom.

4. The device of claim 3 wherein the working surface of said jaw plateis provided with a plurality of rectilinear, vertically extending reliefgrooves therein of generally uniform width suflicient to deter warp ofsaid plate at least about a vertical axis, the depth of said groovesuniformly increasing from top to bottom of said plate concurrently wtihsaid increase in thickness thereof.

5. The device of claim 4 wherein the working surface of said jaw platebetween adjacent grooves is formed to provide a single, outwardlyprojecting tooth having an apex extending continuously and rectilinearlyfrom top to bottom of said surface.

6. A stationary jaw plate for use in a jaw crusher, said plate havingits working surface (relative to its operative position) provided with aplurality of rectilinear, vertically extending relief grooves of uniformwidth suflicient to deter warp of said plate at least about a verticalaxis, the thickness of said plate and the depth of each of said groovesconcurrently and uniformly increasing from top to bottom of said plate.

7. The device of claim 6 wherein the working surface of said platebetween adjacent grooves is formed to provide a single, outwardlyprojecting tooth having an apex extending continuously and rectilinearlyfrom top to bottom of said surface.

8. In a jaw crusher having an upright stationary jaw plate and a movablejaw plate in :opposed crushing relation thereto, the opposed workingsurfaces of each of said jaws having a plurality of spaced reliefgrooves therein of uniform width extending continuously andrectilinearly from top to bottom of said jaws and sufifiicient to deterwarp of said jaws at least about a vertical axis, the improvernentcomprising uniformly and progressively thickening at least saidstationary jaw and uniformly and concurrently therewith the depth ofsaid grooves therein from top to bottom of said jaw.

9. The device of claim 8 wherein the working surface of each of saidjaws between adjacent grooves is formed to provide a single, outwardlyprojecting tooth having an apex extending continuously and rectilinearlyfrom top to bottom of said surface.

10. In a jaw crusher having an upright wall and a stationary jaw plateoperatively mounted upright thereon by means including clamping meansand a movable jaw plate in opposed crushing relation [to said stationaryplate, the opposed working surfaces of each of said jaws having a.plurality of spaced relief grooves therein of uniform width extendingcontinuously and rectilinearly from top to bottom of said jaws andsuflicient to deter warp of said plates at least about a vertical axis,the improvement comprising a uniform increase in the thickness of atleast said stationary jaw from top to bottom thereof together with auniform and concurrent increase in the depth of said grooves therein,and an integral jaw plate retaining lips projecting laterally outwardsfrom each upright side of said stationary jaw, said clamping means beingoperative upon said lips only and each of the latter extending alongonly the portion of said jaw side immediately adjacent the midpointthereof in order to confine the total clamping force applied by saidclamping means to said portion only.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,187,159 McKee et al. June 13, 1916 1,608,561 Larrson Nov. 30, 19261,748,879 Harrison Feb. 25, 1930 1,771,505 Muller July 29, 19301,849,935 Kropp Mar. 15, 1932 2,609,154 Baker Sept. 2, 1952 2,826,371Smith Mar. 11, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 2,717 Great Britain July 31, 18751,165,777 France June 2, 1958 93,673 Norway Mar. 31, 1959 573,804 CanadaApr. 7, 1959

1. IN A STATIONARY JAW PLATE FOR USE IN A JAW CRUSHER HAVING AN UPRIGHTWALL FOR RECEIVING SAID PLATE AND MEANS FOR RETAINING SAID PLATE INOPERATIVE POSITION UPON SAID WALL, SAID MEANS INCLUDING A CHEEK PLATEADJACENT EACH UPRIGHT END OF SAID WALL FOR CLAMPING SAID PLATE BETWEENSAID CHEEK PLATE AND SAID WALL, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING A JAW PLATERETAINING LIP PROJECTING LATERALLY OUTWARDS OF EACH UPRIGHT SIDE OF SAIDJAW PLATE AND FORMED INTEGRALLY THEREWITH SO THAT WHEN SAID PLATE ISOPERATIVELY CLAMPED AS AFORESAID SAID CHEEK PLATES ENGAGE SAID LIPSONLY, EACH OF SAID LIPS EXTENDING ALONG ONLY THE PORTION OF SAID SIDEIMMEDIATELY ADJACENT THE MID-POINT THEREOF IN ORDER TO CONFINE THE TOTALCLAMPING FORCE APPLIED BY SAID CHEEK PLATE TO SAID PORTION ONLY.